324 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
324 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
# Dump U-Net
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## Table of contents
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- [Dump U-Net](#dump-u-net)
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- [Table of contents](#table-of-contents)
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- [What is this](#what-is-this)
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- [What can this](#what-can-this)
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- [Feature extraction](#feature-extraction)
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- [Feature extraction from U-Net](#feature-extraction-from-u-net)
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- [UI description](#ui-description)
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- [Colorization](#colorization)
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- [Dump Setting](#dump-setting)
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- [Examples of extracted images](#examples-of-extracted-images)
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- [Feature extraction from Attention layer](#feature-extraction-from-attention-layer)
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- [UI description](#ui-description-1)
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- [Examples](#examples)
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- [Per-block Prompts](#per-block-prompts)
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- [Overview](#overview)
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- [UI description](#ui-description-2)
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- [Notation](#notation)
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- [Examples](#examples-1)
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- [Use with Dynamic Prompts](#use-with-dynamic-prompts)
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- [TODO](#todo)
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## What is this
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This is an extension for [stable-diffusion-webui](https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui) that adds a custom script which let you to observe U-Net feature maps.
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## What can this
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This extension can
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1. visualize intermediate output of the model: features of each block of U-Net and attention layer.
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2. per-block prompts: generate images changing the prompt in each block of U-Net.
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3. visualize the difference of features in 2.
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## Feature extraction
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Use the image below as an example.
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```
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Model: waifu-diffusion-v1-3-float16 (84692140)
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Prompt: a cute girl, pink hair
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Sampling steps: 20
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Sampling Method: DPM++ 2M Karras
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Size: 512x512
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CFG Scale: 7
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Seed: 1719471015
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```
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### Feature extraction from U-Net
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For example, the following images are generated.
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Grayscale output `OUT11, steps 20, Black/White, Sigmoid(1,0)`
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Colored output `OUT11, steps 20, Custom, Sigmoid(1,0), H=(2+v)/3, S=1.0, V=0.5`
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#### UI description
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<dl>
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<dt>Extract U-Net features</dt>
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<dd>If checked, U-Net feature extraction is enabled.</dd>
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<dt>Layers</dt>
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<dd>Specify blocks to be extracted. Comma delimiters and hyphen delimiters can be used. <code>IN11</code>, <code>M00</code> and <code>OUT00</code> are connected.</dd>
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<dt>Image saving steps</dt>
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<dd>Specify the steps processing extraction.</dd>
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<dt>Colorization</dt>
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<dd>Specify how colorize the output images.</dd>
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<dt>Dump Setting</dt>
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<dd>Configure "binary-dump" settings.</dd>
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<dt>Selected Layer Info</dt>
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<dd>Details of the block input/output specified in <code>Layer</code> section.</dd>
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</dl>
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In `Layer` section you can use the grammer below:
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```
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single block: IN00
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You can use IN00, IN01, ..., IN11, M00, OUT00, OUT01 ..., OUT11.
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multiple blocks: IN00, IN01, M00
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Comma separated block names.
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range: IN00-OUT11
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Hyphen separated block names.
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Edges are included in the range.
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IN11, M00 and OUT00 are connected.
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range with steps: IN00-OUT11(+2)
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`(+digits)` after the range defines steps.
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`+1` is same as normal range.
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`+2` means "every other block".
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For instance, `IN00-OUT11(+2)` means:
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IN00, IN02, IN04, IN06, IN08, IN10,
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M00,
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OUT01, OUT03, OUT05, OUT07, OUT09, OUT11
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```
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#### Colorization
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<dl>
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<dt>Colorize method</dt>
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<dd>Specifies the colorization method.<br/>
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Let <code>v</code> be the feature value.</br>
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<code>White/Black</code> shows white pixel for large <code>|v|</code>, black pixel for small <code>|v|</code>.<br/>
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<code>Red/Blue</code> shows red pixel for large <code>v</code>, blue pixel for small <code>|v|</code>.<br/>
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<code>Custom</code> computes the color from <code>v</code>. You can use RGB or HSL colorspace.
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</dd>
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<dt>Value transform</dt>
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<dd>
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Feature values are not suitable to be used as-is to specify colors. This section specifies the conversion method from feature values to pixel values.<br/>
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<code>Auto [0,1]</code> converts the value to <code>[0,1]</code> linearly using the minimum and maximum values of given feature values.<br/>
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<code>Auto [-1,1]</code> converts the value to <code>[-1,1]</code> as well.<br/>
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<code>Linear</code> first clamps feature values to specified <code>Clamp min./max.</code> range. Then linearly converts values to <code>[0,1]</code> when <code>Colorize method</code> is </code>White/Black</code> and to </code>[-1,1]</code> otherwise.<br/>
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<img src="images/README_00_03.png"/><br/>
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<code>Sigmoid</code> is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmoid_function" target="_blank">sigmoid function</a> with specified gain and x-offset. The output is in range <code>[0,1]</code> when <code>Colorize method</code> is <code>White/Black</code>, and <code>[-1,1]</code> otherwise.<br/>
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<img src="images/README_00_04.png"/>
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</dd>
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<dt>Color space</dt>
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<dd>Write code to convert <code>v</code> transformed by <code>Value transform</code> to the pixel value, where <code>v</code> is given as <code>[0,1]</code> or <code>[-1,1]</code> according to <code>Colorize method</code> and <code>Value transform</code>. The result is clipped at <code>[0,1]</code>.<br/>
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The code is executed with <code>numpy</code> module as the global environment. For example, <code>abs(v)</code> means <code>numpy.abs(v)</code>.<br/>
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<img src="images/README_00_05.png"/>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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#### Dump Setting
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<dl>
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<dt>Dump feature tensors to files</dt>
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<dd>If checked, U-Net feature tensors are exported as files.</dd>
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<dt>Output path</dt>
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<dd>Specify the directory to output binaries. If it does not exist, it will be created.</dd>
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</dl>
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#### Examples of extracted images
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Images with `steps=1,5,10` from left to right.
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- IN00 (64x64, 320ch)
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- IN05 (32x32, 640ch)
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- M00 (8x8, 1280ch)
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- OUT06 (32x32, 640ch)
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- OUT11 (64x64, 320ch)
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### Feature extraction from Attention layer
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#### UI description
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Same as [Feature extraction from U-Net](#feature-extraction-from-u-net).
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#### Examples
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The horizontal axis represents the token position. The beginning token and ending token are inserted, so the 75 images in between represent the influence of each token.
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The vertical axis represents the heads of the attention layer. In the current model, <code>h=8</code>, so there will be 8 images in a row.
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"It seems `pink hair` is working on this layer..." Something like that can be seen.
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- IN01
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- M00
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- OUT10
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## Per-block Prompts
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### Overview
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See the following article for content (Japanese lang).
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[Generating images with different prompts for each block in Stable Diffusion's U-Net (block-specific prompts)](https://note.com/kohya_ss/n/n93b7c01b0547)
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<img src="images/README_02a.png" alt="Example of Difference map" width="256" height="256"/>
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<img src="images/README_02_IN00.png" alt="Example of Difference map" width="256" height="256"/>
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<img src="images/README_02_IN05.png" alt="Example of Difference map" width="256" height="256"/>
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<img src="images/README_02_M00.png" alt="Example of Difference map" width="256" height="256"/>
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```
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Model: waifu-diffusion-v1-3-float16 (84692140)
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Prompt: a (~: IN00-OUT11: cute; M00: excellent :~) girl
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Sampling Method: Euler a
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Size: 512x512
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CFG Scale: 7
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Seed: 3292581281
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```
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The above images are in order:
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- generated by `a cute girl`.
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- with cute changed to excellent in IN00
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- with cute changed to excellent in IN05
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- with cute changed to excellent in M00
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### UI description
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Same as [Feature extraction from U-Net](#feature-extraction-from-u-net)
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<dl>
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<dt>Output difference map of U-Net features between with and without Layer Prompt</dt>
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<dd>Add outputs to an image which shows difference between per-block prompt disabled and enabled.</dd>
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</dl>
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### Notation
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Use notation below in the prompt:
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```
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a (~: IN00-OUT11: cute ; M00: excellent :~) girl
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```
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In above case, IN00-OUT11 (i.e. whole generation process) use
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```
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a cute girl
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```
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but for M00
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```
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a excellent girl
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```
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You can specify per-block prompts with the grammer below:
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```
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(~:
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block-spec:prompt;
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block-spec:prompt;
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...
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block-spec:prompt;
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:~)
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```
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After `(~:`, before `:~)`, before `:`, and after `;`, you may insert spaces. Note that the `:prompt;` is reflected in the result as it is with spaces. The semicolon after the last prompt may be omitted.
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The block specification (`block-spec` above) is as follows. Generally, it is the same as X/Y plot. If there are overlapping ranges, the later one takes precedence.
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```
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single block: IN00
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You can use IN00, IN01, ..., IN11, M00, OUT00, OUT01 ..., OUT11.
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multiple blocks: IN00, IN01, M00
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Comma separated block names.
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range: IN00-OUT11
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Hyphen separated block names.
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Edges are included in the range.
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IN11, M00 and OUT00 are connected.
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range with steps: IN00-OUT11(+2)
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`(+digits)` after the range defines steps.
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`+1` is same as normal range.
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`+2` means "every other block".
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For instance, `IN00-OUT11(+2)` means:
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IN00, IN02, IN04, IN06, IN08, IN10,
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M00,
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OUT01, OUT03, OUT05, OUT07, OUT09, OUT11
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otherwise: _ (underbar)
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This is a special symbol and has the lowest precedence.
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If any other block specs are matched, the prompt defined here will be used.
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```
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### Examples
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A few examaples.
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```
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1: (~: IN00: A ; IN01: B :~)
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2: (~: IN00: A ; IN01: B ; IN02: C :~)
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3: (~: IN00: A ; IN01: B ; IN02: C ; _ : D :~)
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4: (~: IN00,IN01: A ; M00 : B :~)
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5: (~: IN00-OUT11: A ; M00 : B :~)
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```
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1: use A in IN00, B in IN01, and nothing in other blocks.
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2: use A in IN00, B in IN01, C in IN02 and nothing in other blocks.
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3: use A in IN00, B in IN01, C in IN02 and D in other blocks.
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4: use A in IN00 and IN01, B in M00, and nothing in other blocks.
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5: use A in from IN00 to OUT11 (all blocks), but B for M00.
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### Use with Dynamic Prompts
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For experiments, [Dynamic Prompts](https://github.com/adieyal/sd-dynamic-prompts) is useful.
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For instance, if you want to see the effect of changing the prompt in only one block, enable Jinja Template in Dynamic Prompts and input the following prompt:
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```
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{% for layer in [ "IN00", "IN01", "IN02", "IN03", "IN04", "IN05", "IN06", "IN07", "IN08", "IN09", "IN10", "IN11", "M00", "OUT00", "OUT01", "OUT02", "OUT03", "OUT04", "OUT05", "OUT06", "OUT07", "OUT08", "OUT09", "OUT10", "OUT11" ] %}
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{% prompt %}a cute school girl, pink hair, wide shot, (~:{{layer}}:bad anatomy:~){% endprompt %}
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{% endfor %}
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```
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to check the effect of `bad anatomy` in each block.
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Actual examples are here (Japasese lang).
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[Test adding prompts to one specific block with prompts by block](https://gist.github.com/hnmr293/7f240aa5b74c0f5a27a9764fdd9672e2)
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## TODO
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- visualize self-attention layer
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